Cumberland County, Maine: commercial real estate data.
Cumberland County, Maine has a population of 308,827 across 835 square miles, up 3.5 percent since the 2020 census base. County output reached $34.62 bn in 2024, 12,242 establishments operate here, and the SBA record carries 665 7(a) approvals worth $165.9 m.
123 sourced county values · tier FULL · 11 sections
Cumberland County
How many people live in Cumberland County
- Population308,827
- Households132,168
- Average household size2.34
- Median household income$95,677
- Median age42.2
- Median gross rent$1,589 per month
- Median owner-occupied home value$451,200
- Home value to household income4.7 times
- Annual rent as a share of median income19.9 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor degree or higher53.0 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a graduate degree21.4 percent
- Adults 25 and over227,438
- Population under 1855,706
- Share under 1818.0 percent
- Population 65 and over62,956
- Share 65 and over20.4 percent
- Working age population, 18 to 64190,165
- Civilian labor force175,357
- Unemployment rate3.1 percent
- Labor force participation, adults 18 and over69.3 percent
- Rank by population among Maine counties1st of 16
- Rank by population among US county-equivalents234th
Cumberland County is the 1st largest of 16 Maine counties by population. A median home costs 4.7 times median household income, which is an affordable ownership market by national standards. Residents 65 and over outnumber those under 18, at 20.4 percent against 18.0 percent, which points demand at health care, services and single storey product rather than schools.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Cumberland County
Is Cumberland County growing
- Population change since the 2020 census base3.54 percent
- Census 2020 base population303,080
- Births, 20242,863
- Deaths, 20242,882
- Natural change, 2024-19
- Net domestic migration, 2024187
- Net international migration, 20242,378
- Total net migration, 20242,565
- Cumulative net domestic migration, 2021 to 20244,447
- Rank by growth among US county-equivalents769th
The county has grown 3.54 percent since the 2020 census base. Deaths exceeded births in 2024, so all of the growth came from people moving in. A market held up by migration alone is more sensitive to a change in relative cost than one growing from household formation.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
Cumberland County
Where people moving to Cumberland County come from
- Tax returns filed by households arriving9,627
- People arriving, from those returns14,355
- Adjusted gross income arriving$950.9 m
- Net adjusted gross income movement$0
- Average income of an arriving household$98,777
- Largest single originCumberland County Non-migrants (130,619 households)
- Largest single destination (130,619 households)
| Origin | Households | People | Adjusted gross income |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cumberland County Non-migrants | 130,619 | 240,843 | $15.04 bn |
| Other flows - Different State | 2,596 | 4,192 | $290.2 m |
| York County | 1,379 | 2,019 | $79.9 m |
| Other flows - South | 950 | 1,598 | $108.0 m |
| Other flows - Northeast | 710 | 1,026 | $91.1 m |
| Androscoggin County | 556 | 854 | $41.6 m |
| Other flows - West | 541 | 925 | $57.2 m |
| Other flows - Midwest | 395 | 643 | $33.8 m |
The largest single source of arrivals is Cumberland County Non-migrants, which is the catchment a retail or multifamily study should look at first.
US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Cumberland County
What the Cumberland County economy runs on
- County GDP, 2024$34.62 bn
- County GDP, 2023$32.58 bn
- GDP change, 2023 to 20246.2 percent
- GDP change over five years39.5 percent
- Rank by GDP among Maine counties1st
- Rank by GDP among US county-equivalents171st
- GDP per resident$112,089
Output grew 6.2 percent in the latest year and 39.5 percent over five, which is the trend line a lender will read behind any single year figure.
US Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional, table CAGDP2, CAGDP2, through 2024.
Cumberland County
Who employs people in Cumberland County
- Covered employment, annual average192,475
- Establishments reporting18,210
- Average annual pay$71,351
- Average weekly wage$1,372
- Sector 62, employment37,547
- Sector 62, average annual pay$72,034
- Sector 44-45, employment21,810
- Sector 44-45, average annual pay$42,057
- Sector 72, employment17,711
- Sector 72, average annual pay$34,759
- Sector 54, employment14,229
- Sector 54, average annual pay$111,448
- Sector 31-33, employment10,995
- Sector 52, employment10,227
| Sector | Employment | Establishments | Average annual pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sector 62 | 37,547 | 1,649 | $72,034 |
| Sector 44-45 | 21,810 | 1,410 | $42,057 |
| Sector 72 | 17,711 | 1,133 | $34,759 |
| Sector 54 | 14,229 | 4,290 | $111,448 |
| Sector 31-33 | 10,995 | 472 | $78,928 |
| Sector 52 | 10,227 | 812 | $128,616 |
| Sector 56 | 8,574 | 956 | $56,727 |
| Sector 55 | 7,362 | 880 | $119,319 |
The largest sector is the biggest private employer group at 37,547 jobs, 19.5 percent of covered employment. Average pay per job sits below median household income, so households here typically need more than one earner.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
Cumberland County
What businesses operate in Cumberland County
- Establishments, all industries12,242
- Employment at those establishments190,022
- Annual payroll$12.48 bn
- Establishments per 1,000 residents39.6
These are counts of establishments physically operating in the county, not listings, so they are the supply side a feasibility study measures demand against.
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
Cumberland County
What is being built in Cumberland County
- Housing units authorised by permit, 20241,385
- Declared construction value permitted$441.6 m
- Single family units authorised798
- Multifamily units authorised587
- Multifamily share of units42.4 percent
- Average declared value per unit$318,814
- Units authorised per 1,000 households10.5
Multifamily is 42.4 percent of units authorised, so the pipeline is being built for renters rather than buyers.
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
Cumberland County
How much SBA lending happens in Cumberland County
- 7(a) approvals recorded665
- 7(a) gross approval dollars$165.9 m
- Average 7(a) approval$249,415
- Median 7(a) approval$117,000
- 10th percentile approval$25,000
- 90th percentile approval$500,000
- Largest single approval$5,000,000
- Jobs reported supported, 7(a)6,570
- Jobs per approval9.9
- Distinct 7(a) lenders active52
- Distinct industries receiving approvals205
- Median 7(a) term120 months
- Share of loans on real estate terms, 240 months or longer4.7 percent
- Loans on real estate terms31
- Loans on working capital terms, 120 months or shorter613
- Franchise loans36
- Franchise share of approvals5.4 percent
- Leading industry by approval countFull-Service Restaurants (45)
- Most active lenderMaine Community Bank (136)
- 504 approvals recorded348
- 504 gross approval dollars$204.3 m
- Average 504 approval$587,066
- Median 504 approval$361,000
- Distinct CDCs active3
- 504 jobs per approval7.7
- 504 jobs per million dollars approved13.1
- Most active CDCGranite State Economic Development Corporation (305)
- 7(a) share of SBA approvals65.6 percent
- Combined SBA approval dollars$370.2 m
The average approval of $249,415 sits well above the median of $117,000, so a small number of large deals is pulling the mean up. The median is the better guide to what a typical borrower here actually gets. Only 4.7 percent of approvals run on real estate terms, so SBA credit here is mostly working capital and equipment rather than property acquisition.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Cumberland County
Do SBA loans in Cumberland County get paid back
- Loans with a final outcome recorded151
- Paid in full147
- Charged off4
- Charge off rate on resolved loans2.6 percent
- Status: Paid in full147
- Status: Exempt from disclosure405
- Status: Cancelled81
- Status: Committed, not yet disbursed28
- Status: Charged off4
| NAICS | Industry | Resolved loans | Charged off | Charge off rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 722513 | Limited-Service Restaurants | 12 | 0 | 0.0% |
Of the 151 loans that have reached a final outcome, 2.6 percent were charged off. This is computed only over resolved loans, because a loan still running has not yet succeeded or failed and counting it either way would be wrong. Among industries with at least ten resolved loans, Limited-Service Restaurants carries the highest charge off rate at 0.0 percent.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Cumberland County
Which parts of Cumberland County get the lending
- Places in the county with recorded lending35
- Portland, approvals209
- Scarborough, approvals60
- South Portland, approvals52
- BRUNSWICK, approvals46
- WESTBROOK, approvals43
- WINDHAM, approvals41
| Place | Approvals | Gross approval dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Portland | 209 | $51,496,400 |
| Scarborough | 60 | $18,303,900 |
| South Portland | 52 | $12,245,700 |
| BRUNSWICK | 46 | $11,118,300 |
| WESTBROOK | 43 | $11,718,800 |
| WINDHAM | 41 | $8,931,300 |
| FALMOUTH | 33 | $8,581,900 |
| GORHAM | 26 | $4,012,900 |
Portland accounts for 209 approvals against 60 in Scarborough. County level figures average over that gap, which is why a site decision is made at the submarket rather than the county.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Cumberland County
How big is Cumberland County
- Land area835 sq mi
- Rank by land area among Maine counties11th of 16
- Width, east to west48.2 mi
- Height, north to south43.9 mi
- Geographies sharing a boundary4
- Residents per square mile of land370
- Establishments per square mile14.66
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
Coverage
What this page does not hold.
Every item below could be filled with a plausible figure. None of them is. On a page a lender may read, a number that cannot be traced is worse than an absence, so the absences are named.
- No NFIP communities are listed for this county in the FEMA Community Status Book.
- Flood zone record counts are not held. The flood coverage export has not landed, so no count is shown rather than an estimated one.
- Traffic counts resolve in the platform, not in this dataset, so no AADT figure is printed here.
- Zoning is in build. Parcel level zoning is not published on this page.
Feasibility studies
When a Cumberland County site needs a document a lender will accept.
The same data layer behind this page is the one the studies are written from. A study for a Cumberland County site starts with the figures you are reading, carrying the same source and period into the credit file.
- Population308,827
- Households132,168
- Average household size2.34
- Median household income$95,677
- Median age42.2
Common questions
Cumberland County questions, answered from the record.
How many people live in Cumberland County, Maine?
308,827, in 132,168 households, ranking 1st of 16 Maine counties. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Is Cumberland County growing?
The population has grown 3.54 percent since the 2020 census base. In 2024 there were 2,863 births against 2,882 deaths, with net migration of 2,565. Source: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
What is the median household income in Cumberland County?
$95,677. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $451,200, which is 4.7 times income, and median gross rent is $1,589 per month. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
How many businesses are there in Cumberland County?
12,242 establishments, employing 190,022 people with an annual payroll of $12.48 bn. These are establishments physically operating in the county, not listings. Source: US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
What is the average wage in Cumberland County?
Average annual pay is $71,351, or $1,372 a week, across 192,475 covered jobs. Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
How much SBA lending happens in Cumberland County?
665 7(a) approvals totalling $165.9 m since FY2020, across 52 lenders, with a median approval of $117,000, plus 348 504 approvals worth $204.3 m. These are approvals recorded in the release, not loans disbursed.
Do SBA loans in Cumberland County get paid back?
Of the 151 loans that have reached a final outcome, 147 were paid in full and 4 charged off, a charge off rate of 2.6 percent. Loans still running are excluded, because they have not yet succeeded or failed.
What is being built in Cumberland County?
1,385 housing units were authorised by permit in 2024, with a declared construction value of $441.6 m. Multifamily was 42.4 percent of units. Source: US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
What is the radon zone for Cumberland County?
Zone 1, a predicted average indoor radon screening level greater than 4 pCi/L. Source: US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, county spreadsheet, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001.
Where do people moving to Cumberland County come from?
The largest single origin is Cumberland County Non-migrants, with 130,619 households. Arriving households report an average income of $98,777 against null for those leaving. Source: US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Are traffic counts available for Cumberland County on this page?
No. Annual average daily traffic resolves in the platform rather than in this dataset, so no AADT figure is printed here. It is a gap we know about rather than a figure we estimated.
Is zoning published for Cumberland County?
Not yet. The zoning layer is in build. Nothing on this page presents parcel level zoning, and where a statutory framework applies it is marked as the statewide frame with confirm locally attached.