Rockingham County, Virginia: commercial real estate data.
Rockingham County, Virginia has a population of 85,600 across 849 square miles, up 4.7 percent since the 2020 census base. 1,648 establishments operate here, and the SBA record carries 38 7(a) approvals worth $16.7 m.
114 sourced county values · tier FULL · 10 sections
Rockingham County
How many people live in Rockingham County
- Population85,600
- Households32,686
- Average household size2.62
- Median household income$80,693
- Median age40.1
- Median gross rent$1,160 per month
- Median owner-occupied home value$313,000
- Home value to household income3.9 times
- Annual rent as a share of median income17.3 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a bachelor degree or higher29.0 percent
- Adults 25 and over with a graduate degree11.7 percent
- Adults 25 and over58,774
- Population under 1818,926
- Share under 1822.1 percent
- Population 65 and over17,185
- Share 65 and over20.1 percent
- Working age population, 18 to 6449,489
- Civilian labor force43,773
- Unemployment rate2.7 percent
- Labor force participation, adults 18 and over65.7 percent
- Rank by population among Virginia counties24th of 133
- Rank by population among US county-equivalents685th
Rockingham County is the 24th largest of 133 Virginia counties by population. A median home costs 3.9 times median household income, which is an affordable ownership market by national standards. Residents under 18 outnumber those 65 and over, at 22.1 percent against 20.1 percent, a household formation profile rather than a retirement one.
US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Rockingham County
Is Rockingham County growing
- Population change since the 2020 census base4.67 percent
- Census 2020 base population83,765
- Births, 2024863
- Deaths, 2024975
- Natural change, 2024-112
- Net domestic migration, 2024792
- Net international migration, 2024367
- Total net migration, 20241,159
- Cumulative net domestic migration, 2021 to 20243,249
- Rank by growth among US county-equivalents583rd
The county has grown 4.67 percent since the 2020 census base. Deaths exceeded births in 2024, so all of the growth came from people moving in. A market held up by migration alone is more sensitive to a change in relative cost than one growing from household formation.
US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
Rockingham County
Where people moving to Rockingham County come from
- Tax returns filed by households arriving2,298
- People arriving, from those returns4,238
- Adjusted gross income arriving$147.3 m
- Net adjusted gross income movement$0
- Average income of an arriving household$64,084
- Largest single originRockingham County Non-migrants (32,059 households)
- Largest single destination (32,059 households)
| Origin | Households | People | Adjusted gross income |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rockingham County Non-migrants | 32,059 | 67,246 | $2.62 bn |
| Harrisonburg city | 775 | 1,494 | $43.6 m |
| Other flows - Different State | 613 | 1,107 | $46.0 m |
| Other flows - Same State | 363 | 601 | $25.5 m |
| Other flows - South | 329 | 615 | $26.4 m |
| Augusta County | 192 | 376 | $11.1 m |
| Other flows - Northeast | 112 | 192 | $7.7 m |
| Page County | 107 | 211 | $5.0 m |
The largest single source of arrivals is Rockingham County Non-migrants, which is the catchment a retail or multifamily study should look at first.
US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Rockingham County
Who employs people in Rockingham County
- Covered employment, annual average35,104
- Establishments reporting2,058
- Average annual pay$57,264
- Average weekly wage$1,101
- Sector 31-33, employment6,409
- Sector 31-33, average annual pay$65,568
- Sector 62, employment4,445
- Sector 62, average annual pay$61,062
- Sector 48-49, employment3,467
- Sector 48-49, average annual pay$57,425
- Sector 23, employment3,113
- Sector 23, average annual pay$63,311
- Sector 44-45, employment2,662
- Sector 72, employment2,563
| Sector | Employment | Establishments | Average annual pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sector 31-33 | 6,409 | 99 | $65,568 |
| Sector 62 | 4,445 | 371 | $61,062 |
| Sector 48-49 | 3,467 | 100 | $57,425 |
| Sector 23 | 3,113 | 312 | $63,311 |
| Sector 44-45 | 2,662 | 223 | $32,555 |
| Sector 72 | 2,563 | 96 | $24,852 |
| Sector 56 | 1,261 | 103 | $46,264 |
| Sector 54 | 785 | 128 | $83,492 |
The largest sector is the biggest private employer group at 6,409 jobs, 18.3 percent of covered employment. Average pay per job sits below median household income, so households here typically need more than one earner.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
Rockingham County
What businesses operate in Rockingham County
- Establishments, all industries1,648
- Employment at those establishments29,517
- Annual payroll$1.62 bn
- Establishments per 1,000 residents19.3
These are counts of establishments physically operating in the county, not listings, so they are the supply side a feasibility study measures demand against.
US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
Rockingham County
What is being built in Rockingham County
- Housing units authorised by permit, 2024683
- Declared construction value permitted$155.5 m
- Single family units authorised613
- Multifamily units authorised70
- Multifamily share of units10.2 percent
- Average declared value per unit$227,630
- Units authorised per 1,000 households20.9
Multifamily is 10.2 percent of units authorised, so the pipeline is predominantly for sale product.
US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
Rockingham County
How much SBA lending happens in Rockingham County
- 7(a) approvals recorded38
- 7(a) gross approval dollars$16.7 m
- Average 7(a) approval$440,745
- Median 7(a) approval$283,000
- 10th percentile approval$75,000
- 90th percentile approval$975,000
- Largest single approval$2,000,000
- Jobs reported supported, 7(a)382
- Jobs per approval10.1
- Distinct 7(a) lenders active18
- Distinct industries receiving approvals27
- Median 7(a) term120 months
- Share of loans on real estate terms, 240 months or longer7.9 percent
- Loans on real estate terms3
- Loans on working capital terms, 120 months or shorter33
- Franchise loans7
- Franchise share of approvals18.4 percent
- Leading industry by approval countNew Single-Family Housing Construction (except For-Sale Builders) (3)
- Most active lenderPendleton Community Bank Inc (5)
- 504 approvals recorded13
- 504 gross approval dollars$13.7 m
- Average 504 approval$1,054,308
- Median 504 approval$448,000
- Distinct CDCs active3
- 504 jobs per approval8.2
- 504 jobs per million dollars approved7.7
- Most active CDCBusiness Finance Group, Inc. (11)
- 7(a) share of SBA approvals74.5 percent
- Combined SBA approval dollars$30.5 m
The average approval of $440,745 sits well above the median of $283,000, so a small number of large deals is pulling the mean up. The median is the better guide to what a typical borrower here actually gets. Only 7.9 percent of approvals run on real estate terms, so SBA credit here is mostly working capital and equipment rather than property acquisition.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30. US Small Business Administration, 504 FOIA release, FY2010 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Rockingham County
Do SBA loans in Rockingham County get paid back
- Loans with a final outcome recorded6
- Paid in full5
- Charged off1
- Status: Exempt from disclosure27
- Status: Paid in full5
- Status: Cancelled5
- Status: Charged off1
Too few loans have reached a final outcome to publish a charge off rate. only 6 resolved loans, too few to publish a rate. A rate computed on a handful of loans is noise, so none is shown.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Rockingham County
Which parts of Rockingham County get the lending
- Places in the county with recorded lending13
- ELKTON, approvals11
- ROCKINGHAM, approvals5
- Mount Crawford, approvals4
- BROADWAY, approvals3
- BRIDGEWATER, approvals3
- PENN LAIRD, approvals2
| Place | Approvals | Gross approval dollars |
|---|---|---|
| ELKTON | 11 | $6,576,100 |
| ROCKINGHAM | 5 | $2,819,000 |
| Mount Crawford | 4 | $2,840,000 |
| BROADWAY | 3 | $589,700 |
| BRIDGEWATER | 3 | $775,000 |
| PENN LAIRD | 2 | $545,000 |
| TIMBERVILLE | 2 | $142,500 |
| MC GAHEYSVILLE | 2 | $260,000 |
ELKTON accounts for 11 approvals against 5 in ROCKINGHAM. County level figures average over that gap, which is why a site decision is made at the submarket rather than the county.
US Small Business Administration, 7(a) FOIA release, FY2020 to FY2026 year to date, as of 2026-06-30.
Rockingham County
How big is Rockingham County
- Land area849 sq mi
- Rank by land area among Virginia counties3rd of 133
- Width, east to west40 mi
- Height, north to south44.4 mi
- Geographies sharing a boundary6
- Residents per square mile of land101
- Establishments per square mile1.94
US Census Bureau county boundary geometry, TIGER, adjacency computed from shared boundary vertices, TIGER county boundaries. US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year. US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
Coverage
What this page does not hold.
Every item below could be filled with a plausible figure. None of them is. On a page a lender may read, a number that cannot be traced is worse than an absence, so the absences are named.
- No NFIP communities are listed for this county in the FEMA Community Status Book.
- Flood zone record counts are not held. The flood coverage export has not landed, so no count is shown rather than an estimated one.
- Traffic counts resolve in the platform, not in this dataset, so no AADT figure is printed here.
- Zoning is in build. Parcel level zoning is not published on this page.
Feasibility studies
When a Rockingham County site needs a document a lender will accept.
The same data layer behind this page is the one the studies are written from. A study for a Rockingham County site starts with the figures you are reading, carrying the same source and period into the credit file.
- Population85,600
- Households32,686
- Average household size2.62
- Median household income$80,693
- Median age40.1
Common questions
Rockingham County questions, answered from the record.
How many people live in Rockingham County, Virginia?
85,600, in 32,686 households, ranking 24th of 133 Virginia counties. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
Is Rockingham County growing?
The population has grown 4.67 percent since the 2020 census base. In 2024 there were 863 births against 975 deaths, with net migration of 1,159. Source: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2024, Vintage 2024, estimates 2020 to 2024.
What is the median household income in Rockingham County?
$80,693. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $313,000, which is 3.9 times income, and median gross rent is $1,160 per month. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2020-2024 5-year.
How many businesses are there in Rockingham County?
1,648 establishments, employing 29,517 people with an annual payroll of $1.62 bn. These are establishments physically operating in the county, not listings. Source: US Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023.
What is the average wage in Rockingham County?
Average annual pay is $57,264, or $1,101 a week, across 35,104 covered jobs. Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2024 annual averages.
How much SBA lending happens in Rockingham County?
38 7(a) approvals totalling $16.7 m since FY2020, across 18 lenders, with a median approval of $283,000, plus 13 504 approvals worth $13.7 m. These are approvals recorded in the release, not loans disbursed.
What is being built in Rockingham County?
683 housing units were authorised by permit in 2024, with a declared construction value of $155.5 m. Multifamily was 10.2 percent of units. Source: US Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2024 annual.
What is the radon zone for Rockingham County?
Zone 1, a predicted average indoor radon screening level greater than 4 pCi/L. Source: US EPA, Map of Radon Zones, county spreadsheet, 2024-05 publication, EPA 402/A-16/001.
Where do people moving to Rockingham County come from?
The largest single origin is Rockingham County Non-migrants, with 32,059 households. Arriving households report an average income of $64,084 against null for those leaving. Source: US Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income county migration flows, 2021 to 2022 filing years.
Are traffic counts available for Rockingham County on this page?
No. Annual average daily traffic resolves in the platform rather than in this dataset, so no AADT figure is printed here. It is a gap we know about rather than a figure we estimated.
Is zoning published for Rockingham County?
Not yet. The zoning layer is in build. Nothing on this page presents parcel level zoning, and where a statutory framework applies it is marked as the statewide frame with confirm locally attached.